The Doctrine of Constructive Notice is a fundamental principle in company law that places an obligation on individuals and entities dealing with a company to be aware of its Memorandum of Association (MOA) and Articles of Association (AOA). These documents, once registered with the Registrar of Companies (RoC), become public documents and can be accessed […]
In corporate law, legal doctrines play a crucial role in defining the relationship between companies and those who deal with them. Two fundamental principles in this domain are the Doctrine of Constructive Notice and the Doctrine of Indoor Management. While the Doctrine of Constructive Notice protects companies by assuming that outsiders are aware of the
Enhanced penalty on second or subsequent conviction Whoever having already been convicted of an offence under section 103 or section 104 is again convicted of any such offence shall be punishable for the second and for every subsequent offence, with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than one year but which may
The YouTube platform is a subsidiary of Google, a US-based company that allows anyone to open a channel and post videos. In turn, the company also earns by running advertisements and other promotional material on the videos hosted on it. A YouTuber is a person who runs a channel on YouTube. A YouTuber begins earning
Accounts Receivable (AR) represents the credit sales of a business, which have not yet been collected from its customers. Companies allow their clients to pay for goods and services over a reasonable extended period of time, provided that the terms have been agreed upon. For certain transactions, a customer may receive a small discount for
Penalty for selling goods or providing services to which false trade mark or false trade description is applied Any person who sells, lets for hire or exposes for sale, or hires or has in his possession for sale, goods or things, or provides or hires services, to which any false trade mark or false trade
A delivery challan is a significant document that is useful when a business transports its goods from one place to another. It keeps a detailed record of the items delivered, ensuring that both the sender and receiver have a clear understanding of the transaction. Meaning of delivery challan A delivery challan is a document that contains details of the products in that particular shipment. It is
Penalty for applying false trade marks, trade descriptions, etc Any person who— (a) falsifies any trade mark; or (b) falsely applies to goods or services any trade mark; or (c) makes, disposes of, or has in his possession, any die, block, machine, plate or other instrument for the purpose of falsifying or
Falsifying and falsely applying trade marks (1) Aperson shall be deemed to falsify a trade mark who, either,— (a) without the assent of the proprietor of the trade mark makes that trade mark or a deceptively similar mark; or (b) falsifies any genuine trade mark, whether by alteration, addition, effacement or otherwise. (2)
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